Shandong heat exchanger is cleaned and installed with baffle plate, which forces the fluid in shell side to cross the tube bundle several times according to the specified path, which not only improves the flow rate but also increases the turbulence speed, improves the heat transfer effect, and also supports the tube bundle in the horizontal heat exchanger. However, in condenser, because the condensation heat transfer coefficient is not related to the flow state of steam in the equipment, it is not necessary to set up baffle. When the fluid passes through the heat exchanger, it is necessary to consider many factors, so it is impossible to put forward certain rules. But the general principle is to facilitate heat transfer, prevent corrosion, reduce resistance, not easy to scale, and easy to clean. Corrosive media will go through the pipe to avoid corrosion of both the pipe side and shell side materials. Toxic media go through the pipe, so that the chances of leakage are less. The flow of small fluid is in the pipeline, so that the ideal flow rate can be selected. The fluid with large cleaning capacity of the heat exchanger in Shandong should go through the shell. High temperature and high pressure fluid can bear higher pressure due to the small diameter of the pipe The fluid easy to scale is in the fixed tube plate and floating head heat exchanger, and the shell side is in U-tube heat exchanger, so it is easy to clean and remove the scale; If in cooler, it is generally cooling water pipe and cooled fluid. The flow direction of the fluid also has a great influence on the heat transfer. In order to make full use of the principle of cold and heat convection in the same medium, in order to improve the heat transfer efficiency and reduce the power consumption, whether the tube or shell side is heated or evaporated, the flow direction should be cleaned up by the lower Shandong heat exchanger; When the fluid is cooled or condensed, it should be up and down Whether it is condensation, cooler or heater, the operation of heat exchanger * * holds two main problems: preventing oil leakage and proper start and stop. Oil leakage prevention: to prevent oil leakage due to poor installation of heat exchanger, pressure test (with hot water or water steam) before commencement of work. The test pressure shall be generally 1.5 times of the nominal pressure, but it seems that the manufacturing level of the existing equipment is too high, and it can be reduced to 1.25-1.5 times of * * operating pressure. During pressure test, it is important to check whether flange joint surface and expansion port are leaking. The method of checking internal leakage is to observe the change of pressure drop. Proper start and stop: in order to prolong the service life of the heat exchanger and ensure smooth operation of the heat exchanger in Shandong Province, * * start and stop and switch the heat exchanger correctly. When using and switching, the vent valve shall be opened first after the cold flow (oil and water) is connected with the heat flow (oil and water steam) and then the vent valve shall be closed after the gas in the vent valve is discharged. In order to avoid the heavy oil condensation when the primary connection is avoided, some heavy oil heat exchangers must be preheated and swept through with water steam before normal switching is started. When the heat exchanger is stopped, turn off the heat flow first, then the cold flow, and drain the oil by sweeping the line. In short, when opening, turn on the cold first and then turn on the heat; When off, turn off the heat first and then turn off the cold. The purpose is to make the heat exchanger gradually rise (or cool down), and avoid the heat expansion and contraction of the heat exchanger due to sudden heating (or lowering the cleaning temperature of the Shandong heat exchanger), causing oil leakage or damage.